A hybrid composite for structural applications made of rubber waste tires and calcium phosphate cement

In this research, a new hybrid composite material is investigated with eight different formulations of waste tires powders, a polyurethane resin, and a wollastonite-based phosphate cement. The phosphate cement was obtained by mixing wollastonite particles with an aqueous phosphoric acid solution and the waste tire powders were processed with mechanical grinding. A GOM Inspect Professional 3D scanner was used to characterize the surface of the tiles, prepared to be adhered to the phosphate cement. Pull-out tests were conducted over the system rubber tile-cement. Also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to understand the microstructure and the interfacial region tile-cement, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze the mineralogical phases in this composite. Two sample formulations evidenced good adhesion results, with binding stress up to 0.274 MPa. Different adhesion mechanisms were identified at the interface, in which the roughness played a significant role in the adhesion of the involved materials.