Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin trihydrate in cultured olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

The study was aimed at investigating the pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMOX) in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) following oral, intramuscular, and intravenous administration, using high-performance liquid chromatography following. The maximum plasma concentration (C-max), following oral administration of 40 and 80mg/kg body weight (b.w.), AMOX was 1.14 (T-max, 1.7h) and 0.76g/mL (T-max, 1.6h), respectively. Intramuscular administration of 30 and 60mg/kg of AMOX resulted in C-max values of 4 and 4.3g/mL, respectively, with the corresponding T-max values of 29 and 38h. Intravenous administration of 6mg/kg AMOX resulted in a C-max of 9 mu g/mL 2h after administration. Following oral administration of 40 and 80mg/kg AMOX, area under the curve (AUC) values were 52.257 and 41.219 mu g/mL.h, respectively. Intramuscular 30 and 60 mg/kg doses resulted in AUC values of 370.274 and 453.655 mu g/mL.h, respectively, while the AUC following intravenous administration was 86.274 mu g/mL.h. AMOX bioavailability was calculated to be 9% and 3.6% following oral administration of 40 and 80 mg/kg, respectively, and the corresponding values following intramuscular administration were 86% and 53%. In conclusion, this study demonstrated high bioavailability of AMOX following oral administration in olive flounder.