Development and psychometric analysis of the anti-frustration ability scale for primary and secondary school students

Anti-frustration ability is the ability of individuals to stand up to frustration. The purpose of this study is to develop an anti-frustration ability scale for primary and secondary school students and provide a sound measuring tool for relevant studies. 3168 participants were involved in the study, of which 2488 were formally tested. In the formal test, the samples was randomly divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (n = 1068) was for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis; Group 2 (n = 1420) was for confirmatory factor analysis. The scale consists of 10 items. Item analysis shows that, the item-total correlation of the scale ranges from 0.47 to 0.76; the difference in scores between high and low groups of participants on all items is significant. Exploratory factor analysis shows that, the scale consists of three factors: "frustration endurance", "frustration mediation" and "growth with frustration", whose cumulative variance contribution rate is 67.74%. Confirmatory factor analysis shows that the scale had good construct validity (chi(2)/df = 2.6, GFI = 0.99, AGFI = 0.98, NFI = 0.99, IFI = 0.99, CFI = 0.99, RMR = 0.019, RMSEA = 0.034). The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) of the scale is 0.83, the Spearman-Brown split-half coefficient is 0.79 and the test-retest coefficient is 0.83. One's anti-frustration ability is positively correlated with social support (r = 0.49) and self-esteem (r = 0.52). Overall the findings suggest that the Anti-frustration Ability Scale for Primary and Secondary School Students is a reliable and valid tool to measure the anti-frustration ability of primary and secondary school students.