Constructive empiricism and modal metaphysics: A reply to Monton and van Fraassen

In this journal [2000], I argued that Bas van Fraassen's constructive empiricism was undermined in various ways by his antirealism about modality. Here I offer some comments and responses to the reply to my arguments by Bradley Monton and van Fraassen [2003]. In particular, after making some minor points, I argue that Monton and van Fraassen have not done enough to show that the context dependence of counterfactuals renders their truth conditions non-objective, and I also argue that adopting modal realism does after all undermine the motivation for constructive empiricism. 1 Introduction 2 Underdetermination and epistemic modesty 3 Counterfactual observations 4 Modal realism and constructive empiricism.