Effect of acupuncture on the neutrophil respiratory burst: a placebo-controlled single-blinded study

Objectives: Little is known about the influence of acupuncture treatment on the phagocytic immune system. This trial was performed to examine whether multiple acupuncture treatment affects the respiratory burst (RB) of neutrophils, a recognised measure of their cytotoxicity. Design: Placebo-controlled single-blinded study. Interventions: Eleven volunteers were treated bilaterally with standard needles (real) at acupoint LI II, II volunteers with placebo needles (placebo) at the same point. Treatments were performed for 30 min each twice a week for 4 weeks, eight times in all. The standard needles were manipulated until needle sensation (DEQI) developed. Before the treatment course (baseline), 48 h after the fourth (follow-up 1) and 48 h after the last treatment (follow-up 2) blood samples were drawn. Main outcome measures: RB and plasma R-endorphin at each time point. Results: In the real group there was a highly significant increase in the RB at follow-ups I (P = 0.004) and 2 (P = 0.007). beta-Endorphin levels decreased, but not significantly. In the placebo group there was a significant increase in the RB at follow-up 2 (P = 0.048). In addition, at follow-up 2 a significant drop in beta-endorphin levels was observed (P = 0.015). Conclusions: The RB of neutrophils is significantly activated by a course of several acupuncture treatments. In addition, psychological effects and a placebo that was not totally inert may contribute to the findings in the placebo group which may be mediated by the opiate endorphin system. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.