PID-based real-time rate control

Many existing rate control schemes in the literature consider spatial quality only. As a result, this may introduce a large distortion variation over frames that human is sensitive to. In fact, human is also sensitive to temporal quality. In this work, we design the real-time rate control based on PID controller to have better tradeoff between spatial and temporal quality. From different estimated number of bits of frames and buffer status, different target bits of each frame are used in order to reduce flickering effect (smaller distortion variation) which is one factor to affect temporal quality. The experimental results suggest that our scheme can obtain more consistent quality while keeping high spatial quality.