Stochastic seismic response and dynamic reliability analysis of slopes: A review

This study analyzes the factors that influence the seismic stability of slopes and summarizes the variability and uncertainties in the various components. It also shows why the variability should be considered in stability analyses of slopes. Furthermore, stochastic seismic performance evaluations corresponding to the different sources of variability are summarized and reviewed. In particular, new random vibration methods are applied to seismic response studies. Finally, by characterizing the intrinsic factors and understanding the variability in dynamic slope systems, future development of the stochastic seismic response analysis method is elaborated.