Energy Efficiency in Cooperative Cognitive Radio Network in the Presence of Malicious Users

Energy efficiency (EE) in cooperative cognitive radio networks (CCRNs) enhances opportunistic data transmission through efficient utilization of power. A novel CCRN with a frame structure accommodating cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) and cooperation in primary user's (PU) transmission or opportunistic secondary users' (SU) transmission is considered aiming to maximize EE. A set of optimal values for spectrum sensing (SS) time, self, and cooperative transmission power gains are calculated under the constraints of SU power budget, PU detection probability, and SU and PU spectrum efficiency. The proposed system is further investigated in the presence of two separate malicious operations, namely PU emulation operation and spectrum sensing data falsification followed by their detection and weight allocation in data transmission of SU. The goal here is to analyze and evaluate the consequent gain in EE for the CCRN while maintaining the same SS reliability and target PU's transmission rate. Extensive results with a target set of parameters highlight the efficacy of the system.