An appeal for a code of conduct for marine conservation

被引：83

作者：

Bennett, Nathan J. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Teh, Lydia ^{[4
,5
]}

Ota, Yoshitaka ^{[4
,5
]}

Christie, Patrick ^{[2
,6
]}

Ayers, Adam ^{[7
]}

Day, Jon C. ^{[8
]}

Franks, Phil ^{[9
]}

Gill, David ^{[10
,11
]}

Gruby, Rebecca L. ^{[12
]}

Kittinger, John N. ^{[13
,26
]}

Koehn, J. Zachary ^{[14
]}

Lewis, Naia. ^{[15
]}

Parks, John ^{[16
]}

Vierros, Marjo ^{[17
]}

Whitty, Tara S. ^{[18
]}

Wilhelm, Aulani ^{[13
,15
]}

Wright, Kim ^{[19
]}

Aburto, Jaime A. ^{[20
]}

Finkbeiner, Elena M. ^{[3
,21
]}

Gaymer, Carlos F. ^{[20
]}

Govan, Hugh ^{[22
,27
]}

Gray, Noella ^{[23
]}

Jarvis, Rebecca M. ^{[24
,25
]}

Kaplan-Hallam, Maery ^{[1
]}

Satterfield, Terre ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ British Columbia, Inst Resources Environm & Sustainabil, Vancouver, BC, Canada

[2] Univ Washington, Sch Marine & Environm Affairs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[3] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[4] Univ British Columbia, Nereus Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada

[5] Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, Vancouver, BC, Canada

[6] Univ Washington, Henry M Jackson Sch Int Studies, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[7] NOAA, JIMAR, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA

[8] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld, Australia

[9] IIED, London, England

[10] World Wildlife Fund Int, Luc Hoffmann Inst, Lausanne, Switzerland

[11] Univ Maryland, Natl Socioenvironm Synth Ctr SESYNC, College Pk, MD USA

[12] Colorado State Univ, Dept Human Dimens Nat Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

[13] Conservat Int, Ctr Oceans, Arlington, VA USA

[14] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[15] Big Ocean, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[16] Marine Management Solut, Honolulu, HI USA

[17] Coastal Policy & Humanities Res, Toronto, ON, Canada

[18] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[19] Indigenous & Community Conserved Areas ICCA Conso, Coastal Marine & Isl Environm Program, Toronto, ON, Canada

[20] Univ Catolica Norte, Millennium Nucleus Ecol & Sustainable Management, Antofagasta, Region De Antof, Chile

[21] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[22] Locally Managed Marine Area Network, Suva, Fiji

[23] Univ Guelph, Dept Geog, Guelph, ON, Canada

[24] Auckland Univ Technol, Inst Appl Ecol, Sch Sci, Auckland, New Zealand

[25] Sydney Inst Marine Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[26] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Biodivers Outcomes, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA

[27] USP, SGDIA, Suva, Fiji

来源：

MARINE POLICY | 2017年 / 81卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Marine conservation; Code of conduct; Environmental governance; Environmental management; Conservation planning; Conservation social science; PROTECTED AREAS; MANAGEMENT; FISHERIES; IMPACT; OCEAN; COMANAGEMENT; TARGETS; PEOPLE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.marpol.2017.03.035

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Marine conservation actions are promoted to conserve natural values and support human wellbeing. Yet the quality of governance processes and the social consequences of some marine conservation initiatives have been the subject of critique and even human rights complaints. These types of governance and social issues may jeopardize the legitimacy of, support for and long-term effectiveness of marine conservation. Thus, we argue that a clearly articulated and comprehensive set of social standards - a code of conduct - is needed to guide marine conservation. In this paper, we draw on the results of an expert meeting and scoping review to present key principles that might be taken into account in a code of conduct, to propose a draft set of foundational elements for inclusion in a code of conduct, to discuss the benefits and challenges of such a document, and to propose next steps to develop and facilitate the uptake of a broadly applicable code of conduct within the marine conservation community. The objectives of developing such a code of conduct are to promote fair conservation governance and decision-making, socially just conservation actions and outcomes, and accountable conservation practitioners and organizations The uptake and implementation of a code of conduct would enable marine conservation to be both socially acceptable and ecologically effective, thereby contributing to a truly sustainable ocean.

引用

页码：411 / 418

页数：8

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