Review on enhancement techniques necessary for the improvement of underwater welding

Under water welding has its wider application in many major fields. The concept of welding in underwater yields the attraction of much naval construction because it is useful in repairing of collided ships and damaged ones. In this paper the classifications of underwater welding and some of its characteristics such as arc bubble formation, arc stability, arc atmosphere and the relation between the arc bubble and arc length and relation between bubble rise and arc temperature have been discussed. Various studies in enhancing the strength of underwater welding have been listed out based on various parameter constraints. Some of the issues affecting the enhancement of the weld strength such as halogen in the underwater welding and some other factors affecting the microstructure and mechanical properties were briefly discussed. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved . Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Advances in Materials Research-2019.