Numerical prediction of machining-induced surface residual stress for TC4 cryogenic turning

Liquid nitrogen(LN2) cryogenic machining is a green, sustainable, and high-performance machining technology. LN2 cryogenic machining of TC4 can significantly strengthen the local cooling environment of cutting, accelerate the heat dissipation, thus effectively reduce the cutting temperature, and suppress the generation of thermal stress, reduce the residual tensile stress on the workpiece surface. In this paper, a finite element model(FEM) of numerical prediction is established to analyze the effect of LN2 cryogenic machining on residual stress distribution. Firstly, mechanism analysis of surface residual stress is carried out to explore the source of residual stress during TC4 cryogenic turning. Next, to observe residual stress distribution clearly, the cutting zone separation model is designed, and then, the material model is built to reflect the change of material properties. Then, a FEM of the numerical prediction made up of explicit dynamic solution module and standard static solution module is established to simulate residual stress distribution; after that, residual stress can be ultimately acquired by linear superposing the above two module simulation results. Based on FEM proposed in this paper, the effect of LN2 cryogenic machining on surface residual stress distribution of TC4 is analyzed, and it is indicated that LN2 cryogenic machining can reduce the residual tensile stress effectively. Finally, the experiment is carried out, and the results show that the general trend of the prediction model is the same as that of the experimental results, which greatly verify the availability of the prediction model. Research provides some reference for the numerical prediction and suppression of residual stress in the future.