Optimization of the Directional Sensor Networks With Rotatable Sensors for Target-Barrier Coverage

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the barrier coverages sensing belt can be open or closed. A closed belt is more difficult to construct than an open belt, as it has higher requirements, especially for the directional sensor networks (DSNs) with rotatable sensors. A target-barrier is a closed annular belt around a target with anti-intrusion and surveillance protection functions for both the inside and outside of the belt. Thus, a target-barrier is well suited to many applications including ecological reserve monitoring and contamination monitoring. In this paper, we employ the Virtual Target-barrier Construction (VTBC) method to facilitate its construction. First, we define and calculate a virtual barrier curve in order to convert the complicated target-barrier construction problem in a rotatable DSN into a much simpler optimization problem. Then, a distributed particle swarm optimization (D-PSO) algorithm is designed to achieve a near optimal coverage of the closed virtual barrier curve. Finally, simulations are presented to prove that VTBC has a better performance than other approaches.