Study on Energy Efficient Hierarchical Routing Protocals of Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks are composed of a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy resources. So determining how to design an energy-efficient routing protocol is a key design issue that needs to be addressed in order to extend the lifetime of the entire network. This paper studies the routing protocols and analyzes the performance of LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) in-depth. It is found that the cluster heads selecting algorithm in LEACH is not the best, because it dose not take the residual energy of tire nodes into account And when it sends data to the base station, it is in the form of one-hop routing. Then the paper made some improvement and proposed a novel algorithm called EECH (Energy Efficient Clustering Hierarchy). Simulation results show the new proposed protocol EECH has outperformed LEACH on the lifetime of the networks.