The effect of aerobic training versus cognitive behavioral therapy in management of anxiety, depression and stress related to COVID 19 pandemic among university students: A randomized controlled trial

Background: The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress increased due to COVID 19 crises. Anxiety and depression are the most common psychiatric disorders. The goal of the current study was to compare the effects of aerobic training to cognitive behavioral therapy on university students suffering from mild to moderate anxiety and depression as a result of the Covid 19 pandemic. Methods: an online invitation to participate in the study was sent through the university system. Fifty four undergraduate students with mild to moderate anxiety and depression voluntarily participated in this study (mean age: 20.77 +/- 1.16) and assigned into two groups; aerobic training aerobic training and cognitive behavioral therapy. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale were used in an online assessment, performed before and after the treatment. For 8 weeks, an online treatment guide and follow-up were provided, with 5 days per week of AT and one session per week of CBT. Results: A significant improvement of DASS scores after treatment in both groups (p <= 0.001). IPAQ scores showed a significant improvement in GA and GB with non-significance in vigorous activities; category. GA showed a significant reduction of anxiety more than GB with a non-significant difference in stress and depression (p >= 0.05). Conclusions: In students with mild to moderate anxiety and depression, both AT and CBT are effective in improving manifestations of anxiety, depression, and stress following the COVID-19 pandemic. Aerobic exercise is more effective in treatment of anxiety.