In the article is analyzed some of the problems of the realization of foreign trade operations of Azerbaijan SSR in 1922-1929, which, at the end of 1922 was part of the USSR. Organization of the international fair namely in Baku was due to the presence of the commercial port in the city, which has a greater technical potentialities, as well as customs, known for its historical traditions, greatly facilitates the implementation of trade relations with foreign countries. Baku Fair was located in the new premises of the new customs not far from the Black city and the Station. In summer of 1925 Soviet of Peoples Commissars of Azerbaijan SSR issued a decision on starting the construction of buildings for international Baku fair. With the strengthening of the industrial might of the Soviet Union increased trading turnover of the fair. All the government agencies, including customs authorities, were subordinated to the directives and instructions of the central authorities. The article was written on the basis of archival documents, which were first used in the scientific literature.