Multicentric study applying the european laryngological society classification of benign laryngotracheal stenosis in adults treated by tracheal or cricotracheal resection and anastomosis

Objectives/Hypothesis Introduction and widespread use of cricotracheal resection and anastomosis (CTRA) as routine treatment for high-grade benign laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) led to the need for a new classification system that could accurately predict surgical outcomes by integrating crucial stenosis and patient-related information. In 2015, the European Laryngological Society (ELS) proposed a new classification for benign LTS. We retrospectively tested it in adults treated at three referral centers to assess its reliability in predicting surgical outcomes. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods We included 166 adults treated by open tracheal resection and anastomosis (TRA) and CTRA procedures, restaged according to the ELS classification evaluating grade of stenosis (I-IV, Myer-Cotton), number of subsites involved, and presence of systemic comorbidities. We correlated these parameters with decannulation, number of retreatments, and complications. Results Final decannulation was predicted by a proposed ELS score >= IIIb, history of previous treatment, and length of resection (P < .05). Decannulation was achieved in 99% of patients without and in 88% of patients with surgical complications (P < .01). The incidence of surgical complications was related to the proposed ELS score (P < .01); an ELS score < IIIb showed a lower complication rate compared to patients with a >= IIIb score (32.8% vs. 57.7%, P < .01). Additional treatment was required in 73 (44%) patients (mean = 2.7 +/- 2.2, range = 1-11). ELS score >= IIIb, length of resection, and occurrence of surgical complications predicted the number of such treatments (P < .05, P < .05, and P < .001, respectively). Conclusions ELS classification of benign LTS is able to accurately predict success in adult TRA/CTRA procedures and may be helpful in choice of therapy and patient counseling. Level of Evidence 2b Laryngoscope, 2019