Treatment options for androgenetic alopecia

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common, genetically determined, progressive disorder that affects both men and women. Available medical treatments prevent progression of the disease and reverse miniaturization of hair follicles. Only two proven and approved medications are currently in use for the treatment of AGA: the potassium channel opener minoxidil, applied topically and the dihydrotestosterone synthesis inhibitor finasteride, administered systemically. Other potentially helpful topical agents include a derivative of minoxidil - aminexil, or a combined preparation containing the patent RTH16 molecule. Other effective components are extracts from Sabal serrulata palm tree, a 5-alpha reductase blocker, and tocopheryl nicotinate, which increase blood circulation. Recently, topical antiandrogen fluridil which suppresses androgen receptors in hair follicles has been used. Drugs containing vitamins, aminoacids and trace elements may be used as supportive therapy. In women, drugs that act as antiandrogens (spironolactone, oral contraceptives) or topical preparations, which contain estrogens, may be beneficial. Surgical treatment of AGA with autotransplantation of hair often produces satisfactory cosmetic results.