Personality to Prescription Drug Misuse in Adolescents: Testing Affect Regulation, Psychological Dysregulation, and Deviance Proneness Pathways

被引：8

作者：

Stewart, Sherry H. ^{[1
,2
]}

Chinneck, Annie ^{[2
]}

Thompson, Kara ^{[3
]}

Afzali, Mohammad H. ^{[4
]}

Nogueira-Arjona, Raquel ^{[2
]}

Mahu, Ioan T. ^{[2
]}

Conrod, Patricia J. ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Psychiat, Halifax, NS, Canada

[2] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, Halifax, NS, Canada

[3] St Francis Xavier Univ, Dept Psychol, Antigonish, NS, Canada

[4] Univ Montreal, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada

来源：

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY | 2021年 / 12卷

基金：

加拿大健康研究院;

关键词：

adolescents; personality risk; prescription drug misuse; anxiety sensitivity; hopelessness; sensation seeking; impulsivity; mental health symptoms; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; COPING SKILLS INTERVENTIONS; MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; RISK PROFILE SCALE; NONMEDICAL USE; SUBSTANCE USE; ANXIETY SENSITIVITY; SENSATION SEEKING; STIMULANT USE; DIFFICULTIES QUESTIONNAIRE;

D O I：

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.640766

中图分类号：

R749 [精神病学];

学科分类号：

100205 ;

摘要：

Background: Fifteen to 25-year-olds are the age group most likely to misuse prescription drugs. Few studies have tested theory-driven models of adolescent risk for prescription drug misuse. Moreover, rarely are distinct pathways to different forms of prescription drug misuse considered. Methods: We tested mediational paths from personality to mental health symptoms to prescription drug misuse, informed by etiological models of addiction. We specified pathways from particular personality traits to unique forms of prescription drug misuse via specific mental health symptoms. We used semi-longitudinal data collected across two waves of the Co-Venture Trial. Our sample included students from 31 Canadian high schools tested in Grade 9 (n = 3,024) and again in Grade 10 (n = 2,869; 95% retention). Personality (hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, sensation seeking) was assessed in Grade 9. Mental health symptoms (depression, anxiety, ADHD, conduct disorder) and prescription drug misuse (opioids, sedatives/tranquilizers, stimulants) were assessed at both time points. Results: Consistent with the negative affect regulation model, hopelessness was specifically associated with opioid misuse via depressive symptoms, and anxiety sensitivity was specifically associated with sedative/tranquilizer misuse via anxiety symptoms. Consistent with positive affect regulation, sensation seeking was directly associated with stimulant misuse. Consistent with the psychological dysregulation model, impulsivity was associated with stimulant misuse via ADHD symptoms. And consistent with the deviance proneness model, impulsivity was also associated with unconstrained (i.e., all three forms of) prescription drug misuse via conduct disorder symptoms. Conclusions: Screening for adolescents high in hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, sensation seeking, or impulsivity and providing them with personality-matched cognitive-behavioral interventions may be helpful in preventing or mitigating prescription drug misuse. Our results point to the specific mental health symptoms that are important to target in each of these personality-matched interventions.

引用

页数：15