Recent advances on viral manipulation of NF-κB signaling pathway

NF-kappa B transcription factors regulate the expression of hundreds of genes primarily involved in immune responses. Signaling events leading to NF-kappa B activation constitute a major antiviral immune pathway. To replicate and persist within their hosts, viruses have evolved diverse strategies to evade and exploit cellular NF-kappa B immune signaling cascades for their benefit. We summarize recent studies concerning viral manipulation of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway downstream of pattern recognition receptors. Signal transduction mediated by pattern recognition receptors is a research frontier for both infectious disease and innate immunology.