Wheat Bran Improves Cognition in Older Adults with Memory Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background and Objective: The neuroprotective effects of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) water extract and its bran have been reported can make a hypothesis that wheat bran water extract(WBE) would offer benefits in elderly individuals with age-associated cognitive impairment. In this study, the efficacy and safety of WBE for improving cognitive function were investigated using a battery of neuropsychological assessments and clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: Seventy participants aged 50-80 years with subjective memory impairment were randomly assigned to receive either WBE (3 g per day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Neuropsychological assessments included the Computerized Neurocognitive Function test (CNT), Working Memory Test (WMT), Korean Mini-Mental State Examination, Brief Cognitive Rating Scale, Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor was also quantified. Assessments were administered before and after the intervention period. Results: Visual learning test (CNT)scores were higher in the WBE group compared to the placebo group. Additionally, participants in the WBE group showed decreased reaction times in the visual subtest of the WMT and increased SF-36 scores compared to those in the placebo group. There were no adverse events related to WBE consumption. Conclusion: These results suggested that WBE supplementation can improve cognitive function safely, especially visual memory, in older adults with subjective cognitive impairment.