Mechanical Evaluation of Fluor Apatite and Nano-Alumina Composite Coating on Commercially Pure Titanium Implants

Dental implant treatment is widely used with long-term effective results and be taken into consideration "more predictable" than other treatments to replace missing teeth and to support a prosthesis. This study was aimed to assess the effect of screw-shaped commercially pure titanium coated with Fluorapatite and Nano-Alumina composite at the bone-implant contact by torque removal test in rabbit tibia. 80 screws were prepared from commercially pure titanium rods and were surgically implanted in 14 healthy New Zeeland rabbits. Screws were categorized into 4 groups, 1st group (20% flouroapitate-80% nano Al2O3), 2nd group (80% flouroapitate-20% nano Al2O3), 3rd group fluorapatite coating (FA) and 4th nano-Al2O3. The electrophoretic deposition process (EPD) was utilized for producing a homogenous coating film. Torque meter was used to determine the highest torque value required to unscrew the coated implants from tibia bone at different healing periods. The data obtained then analysed with IBM SPSS software (ver. 23, SPSS Inc., IL, USA) utilizing descriptive statistics and t-test for each time. When p-values <0.05, differences had been taken into consideration statistically significant. The results showed that the mean removal torque value for the 2nd group (80% flouroapitate-20% nano Al2O3) were significantly greater when compared with other groups after 2 and 6 weeks. With time, there was a significant increase in torque removal values. It was concluded that (80% flouroapitate-20% nano Al2O3) was more efficient through the rapid bone formation.