Biobehavioral factors in the context of ischemic cardiovascular diseases

Objective: We set out to examine the development of current thinking on the relationship between behavioral factors and ischemic heart disease, with the latter being viewed as an epidemic. Methods: The present work is a nonsystematic review of the subject. Results: Atherogenic components of the coronary-prone or type A behavior pattern (TABP), including hostility, cynicism, and suppression of anger, as well as stress reactivity, depression, and social isolation, are emerging as particularly significant behavioral characteristics, although their pathophysiology is not yet fully understood. Effective patient management, particularly for lifestyle modification? requires an appreciation of an individual's stage in their readiness to change. Conclusion: The control and prevention of cardiovascular diseases depend on a multidisciplinary approach that recognizes the importance and intricacies of lifestyle behaviors. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.