Integrative analysis of the inverse expression patterns in pancreas development and cancer progression

BACKGROUND As the malignant tumor, pancreatic cancer with a meager 5-years survival rate has been widely concerning. However, the molecular mechanisms that result in malignant transformation of pancreatic cells remain elusive. AIM To investigate the gene expression profiles in normal or malignant transformed pancreas development. METHODS MaSiero and ANOVA were performed on two pancreas development datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Six pancreatic cancer datasets collected from TCGA database were used to establish differentially expressed genes related to pancreas development and pancreatic cancer. Moreover, gene dusters with highly similar interpretation patterns between pancreas development and pancreatic cancer progression were established by self-organizing map and singular value decomposition. Additionally, the hypergeometric test was performed to compare the corresponding interpretation patterns. Abnormal regions of metabolic pathway were analyzed using the Subpathway-GM method. RESULTS This study established the continuously upregulated and downregulated genes at different stages in pancreas development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Through analysis of the differentially expressed genes, we established the inverse and consistent direction development-cancer pattern associations. Based on the application of the Subpathway-GM analysis, we established 17 significant metabolic sub-pathways that were closely associated with pancreatic cancer. Of note, the most significant metabolites sub-pathway was related to glycerophospholipid metabolism. CONCLUSION The inverse and consistent direction development-cancer pattern associations were established. There was a significant correlation in the inverse patterns, but not consistent direction patterns.