Primary factors influencing sheep welfare in intensive and extensive farming systems a review article

Studies related to factors influencing sheep welfare are not or are relatively recently performed, as well as studied on strategies aimed at minimisation of adverse effects of the environment and improper management practices on welfare of sheep. The present overview discusses the main critical points influencing sheep welfare in intensive and extensive farming systems as follows: extreme climatic conditions and seasonal fluctuations in sward quality and quantity, too little space and inadequate layout of premises along with poor control on microclimate, inadequate milking systems and underestimated role of human-animal relationships. Parameters essential for the practice with respect to evaluation of the degree of satisfaction of biological needs of animals, e.g. welfare level in line with the latest global achievements are analysed.