Fluctuation effect in transfer phenomena

Fluctuation effect in transfer phenomena is discussed. Large-scale fluctuations cause variations in the internal structure of bodies and affect the behavior of matter. Fluctuations of specific volume imply the emergence, over the entire volume of the body, of local thickenings and thinning which disappear and reappear. Some of the thickenings increase at random in the gaseous state so fast that they reach equilibrium with the surrounding mass of the body. The droplet gas makes its contribution to the transfer of matter, heat, and momentum. This gas formed as a result of thermodynamically determinate evolutions of fluctuation thickening to a gas like particle of size r c. A fluctuation zone is formed in the immediate neighborhood of the spinodal, in which the fluctuations are of decisive importance, and all of the processes occurring here are realized by way of fluctuations or, which is the same, by the fluctuation mechanism.