Bazooka is required for polarisation of the Drosophila anterior-posterior axis

被引:54
|
作者
Doerflinger, Helene [1 ,2 ]
Vogt, Nina [3 ]
Torres, Isabel L. [1 ,2 ]
Mirouse, Vincent [1 ,2 ]
Koch, Iris [3 ]
Nuesslein-Volhard, Christiane [3 ]
St Johnston, Daniel [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Gurdon Inst, Cambridge CB2 1QN, England
[2] Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Cambridge CB2 1QN, England
[3] Max Planck Inst Entwicklungsbiol, Dept Genet, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany
来源
DEVELOPMENT | 2010年 / 137卷 / 10期
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
Axis formation; Par-1; Par-6; Lgl; Polarity; Oogenesis; Drosophila; OSKAR MESSENGER-RNA; C-ELEGANS; MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION; EPITHELIAL POLARITY; OOCYTE POLARITY; CELL POLARITY; PAR PROTEINS; ANTEROPOSTERIOR AXIS; PATTERN-FORMATION; FEMALE GERMLINE;
D O I
10.1242/dev.045807
中图分类号
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
The Drosophila anterior-posterior (AP) axis is determined by the polarisation of the stage 9 oocyte and the subsequent localisation of bicoid and oskar mRNAs to opposite poles of the cell. Oocyte polarity has been proposed to depend on the same PAR proteins that generate AP polarity in C. elegans, with a complex of Bazooka (Baz; Par-3), Par-6 and aPKC marking the anterior and lateral cortex, and Par-1 defining the posterior. The function of the Baz complex in oocyte polarity has remained unclear, however, because although baz-null mutants block oocyte determination, egg chambers that escape this early arrest usually develop normal polarity at stage 9. Here, we characterise a baz allele that produces a penetrant polarity phenotype at stage 9 without affecting oocyte determination, demonstrating that Baz is essential for axis formation. The dynamics of Baz, Par-6 and Par-1 localisation in the oocyte indicate that the axis is not polarised by a cortical contraction as in C. elegans, and instead suggest that repolarisation of the oocyte is triggered by posterior inactivation of aPKC or activation of Par-1. This initial asymmetry is then reinforced by mutual inhibition between the anterior Baz complex and posterior Par-1 and Lgl. Finally, we show that mutation of the aPKC phosphorylation site in Par-1 results in the uniform cortical localisation of Par-1 and the loss of cortical microtubules. Since non-phosphorylatable Par-1 is epistatic to uninhibitable Baz, Par-1 seems to function downstream of the other PAR proteins to polarise the oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton.
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页码:1765 / 1773
页数:9
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