The Effects of Particulate Matter Pollution on Human Health in Addis Ababa, Beijing, and New Delhi Cities

Air pollution has serious consequences for human health and the environment in general. Currently, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations are a set of air pollution issues made up of the most common traditional pollutants. This study was designed to examine the potential impact of PM2.5 on human health in the cities of Addis Ababa, Beijing, and New Delhi from August 2016 to May 2021. Data was collected from the AirNow.gov website and data analysis was carried out using Microsoft Performed in Excel 2016. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the mean air quality index and the concentration of PM2.5. The Origin Pro 9 software was used to draw curves. The AQI analysis during the study period found that 37.6%, 26.5%, and 2.8% of the population in the cities of New Delhi, Beijing, and Addis Ababa have unhealthy levels of concern, respectively. In addition, the average annual concentrations of PM2.5 were 107.1 mu g/m(3), 51.5 mu g/m(3) and 23.6 mu g/m(3)in the cities of New Delhi, Beijing, and Addis Ababa. Comparison of the frequency distribution between expected and actual value using the Q-Q plot showed that in the selected cities the expected values was overestimated compared to the actual values. Furthermore, the findings of this study revealed that PM2.5 pollution decreased in the cities analyzed in the order of New Delhi, Beijing, and Addis Ababa. Therefore, the authors suggest mitigation of air pollution in the cities under study and community awareness activities to build an effective air quality management plan in the study areas.