Solidarity, society and the welfare state in the United Kingdom

Political argument and institutions in the United Kingdom have frequently been represented as the products of a blend of nationalistic conservatism, liberal individualism and socialism, in which consensus has been prized over ideology. This situation changed, as the standard story has it, with the rise of Thatcherism in the late 1970s, and again with the arrival of Tony Blair's "New Labour'' pragmatism in the late 1990s. Solidarity as an element of political discourse makes its appearance in the UK late in the day. It has been most strongly linked to the Third Way debate, as framed most influentially in the work of Prof. Anthony Giddens. In this paper we review the history and pre-history of the debate on solidarity in the UK, focussing mostly on its implications for welfare state reform. In particular we discuss the proposals for the long-term care of the Elderly issued by the Royal Commission on long-term care in 1999. In this context we critically examine the idea that solidarity is a new concept in British political culture, and that it is a concept which has real political "bite'' in the project of welfare reform. We examine this through a consideration of Giddens's attempted synthesis of political argument and social theory.