Formation of Coronal Mass Ejections in the Solar Corona and Propagation of the Resulting Plasma Streams in the Heliosphere

A review of studies of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and the propagation of the resulting interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) in the heliosphere is presented. The main parameters of ICMEs, their differences from other types of solar wind (SW) streams, and correlation of the ICME occurrence rate with the state of solar activity are considered. Special attention is paid to the formation and simulation of the ion composition of the CME/ICME plasma, which is one of the key factors in identifying the types and sources of SW streams, especially in complex structures formed in the heliosphere during the interaction of streams. Models for predicting the parameters of SW streams from observational data are considered. The review also presents the lists of literature sources on coronal ejections and databases on the parameters of SW streams, as well as numerous references to the works on the phenomena under study.