Comprehensive utilization status of red mud in China: A critical review

Red mud is a solid waste produced during the bauxite refining of alumina. In recent years, environmental problems caused by the accumulation of red mud have become increasingly serious. In order to understand the status of red mud recovery in recent years, this article uses a comprehensive literature database to classify and statistically analyze red mud-related publications from 2010 to 2019. The results show that research on the comprehensive utilization of red mud is mainly found in three fields: the construction and chemical industry, the environmental protection and agriculture industry, and the valuable elements extraction industry. A brief report is also made on the related research of red mud in the fields of cement, concrete, glass, ceramics, adsorbents, geopolymers, catalysts, composite materials, sewage treatment, waste gas treatment, soil improvement, and valuable element recovery. The current industrial consumption of red mud in China is measured, and some suggestions for solving the red mud problem are put forward. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.