Polylactic acid/kenaf cellulose biocomposite filaments for melt extrusion based-3D printing

This study fabricated polylactic acid (PLA)/kenaf cellulose fiber biocomposite filaments via melt-extrusion process. Kenaf cellulose fibers (KF) were chemically extracted from locally grown kenaf plants and used as reinforcement. Moreover, the KF was then treated with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), so-called KFs, to improve the compatibility between the fibers and PLA matrix. Also, the plasticizers (polyethylene glycol) were incorporated to enhance the flowability and processability of the biocomposites. The melt viscosities of the biocomposites increased as the solid KF and KFs were loaded. However, they were significantly decreased with the addition of plasticizers. The combined use of the plasticizers and TEOS treatment improved tensile strength, Young's modulus and elongation of the biocomposites compared to the neat PLA. The obtained PLA/KFs biocomposite materials are proved to be a mechanical-improved material that could offer the opportunity for rapid production of 3D fully degradable biocomposite prototypes for applications in sustainable textiles and apparel, personalized prostheses and some medical devices that require high strength and elongation. [GRAPHICS] .