Primary Lymphoma of the Heart: A Case Report of Surgical Treatment and Review of the Literature

Background: The incidence of heart tumors is the lowest in all known tumors. Primary cardiac tumors are especially rare, with an incidence of 0.056% according to autopsy reports. The most common type is myxoma, which account for nearly 70%-80% of them. Only 10% of primary cardiac tumors are malignant, approximately 95% of which are sarcomas, whereas the primary cardiac lymphomas (PCLs) are merely 1%. Case Presentation: The present study reported a case of PCL with bilateral renal involvement. The patient received right atrial tumor excision and cardiac pacemaker implantation because of obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract and third degree atrioventricular (AV) block. Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was diagnosed through pathological examination; complete remission (CR) was achieved after timely treatment with chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Conclusions: PCL is a very rare disease with highly malignancy. With nonspecific clinical features, the diagnosis is mainly done by histopathological and immunohistochemical staining. At the moment, the most effective treatment is chemotherapy. Palliative surgery may be necessary to correct hemodynamics when outflow is obstructed. The specific location, size, and proximity of the tumor lad to the prognosis. Once the cardiac conduction system was involved, electrocardiography (ECG) showed high AV block.