In vivo safety, toxicity, biocompatibility and anti-tumour efficacy of bioinspired silver and selenium nanoparticles

The present work was carried out to know the in vivo evaluation of safety, toxicity and efficacy of the various biosynthesized inorganic nanoparticles of various sizes and shapes. Several kinds of silver and selenium inorganic nanomaterials were synthesized using plant extracts and phytochemicals. The size and shape of these bioinspired nanomaterials were characterized using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. All the synthesized nanomaterials were found to be less than 35 nm in size and having hexagonal and spherical shapes resoluted via electron microscopy analysis. Biocompatibilities of the all biosynthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using hemolysis assay exhibiting lower hemolytic effect (less than 10 %) and LAL assays showing free of endotoxin. Safety and toxicities of synthesized nanocomposites were evaluated on Swiss mice using various bio-assays including haematological, biochemical, histopathological and DNA fragmentation assays. The biosynthesized nanomaterials did not produce significant level of toxicity in terms of haematological, biochemical, histological and DNA damage parameters. Following the surprising results with safety and negligible toxicity of the synthesized nanoparticles, In vivo anti-tumour potential were proposed and evaluated in DMBA induced breast cancer model of SD female rats. The results of the study presented the significant decrease in the tumour volume after administration of nanoparticles. Conclusively, the bio-inspired nanocomposite synthesized by biological route did not produce significant level of toxic effect with higher level of therapeutic effectiveness. These synthesized biological materials can be used for the management of various types of life threatening emergencies.