Precise control of ultrasound stimulation/treatment by a high-frequency focused ring transducer

Ultrasound can cause various responses in tissue from the stimulation of the immune system to ablation (heat or mechanical cavitation). Among them, the growing interest in the response of ultrasound in the cellular level study has led to active research into mechanical high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). However, the existing low frequency (< 5 MHz) transducers are not ideal for the cellular level study due to the limited accuracy of generated ultrasound beam. To solve this limitation, we present a high-frequency ring-shaped transducer using lithium niobate that has high spatial resolution and high efficiency.