The dilational viscoelasticity properties of octane-water interface containing three sodium alkyl benzene sulfonates with straight chain (C(8)phSO(3)Na and C(16)phSO(3)Na) and branch chain (7-8-1) respectively were investigated. The influences of alkyl chain length and hydrophobic branched-chain structure on interfacial dilational properties were expounded. It showed that the increase of alkyl chain length resulted in the enhancement of molecular interaction and the increase of interfacial dilational elasticity. The slow relaxation processes were caused by the rearrangement and entanglement of branched-chains at interface and resulted in relative higher interfacial dilational modulus.