An artificial intelligence-based electric multiple units using a smart power grid system

EMU stands for electric multiple units and refers to a train of self-propelled cars pushed by electricity. Energy from renewable sources such as solar and wind can be stored in battery storage systems (BESS) and released when consumers need it most. Electric traction motors are built inside one or more of the carriages of an EMU, eliminating the need for a separate engine. Electric trains can go further and quicker than those propelled by steam engines. There are several advantages to using electric trains, such as efficiently converting fuel into kinetic energy. Rail travel is affected by fluctuations in electrical power. With AI, energy waste and prices might be reduced, and the deployment of clean, renewable energy sources could be facilitated and accelerated in power systems globally. Artificial intelligence (AI) can benefit from the design, operation, and management of power systems. Voltage fluctuations occur if a large number of electricity gadgets are utilized simultaneously. Voltage fluctuations, especially in extreme circumstances, can be extremely hazardous to the safety and other possessions. The researchers devised the EMU-AI-BESS approach to address these problems. Trains powered by lithiumion batteries can go on both kinds of track. Battery-electric technology has been used to expand electrified metro lines in several cities throughout the globe, and many more are contemplating it. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydrogen can be effectively managed and distributed due to smart grid technologies. The smart grid links a wide range of distributed energy resources to the power grid.AI can assist in minimizing traffic congestion, detecting dangers, managing transportation, analyzing travel demand, and potentially cutting greenhouse gas emissions. AI is being utilized in today's rail applications to increase asset management and train schedules, train speed control, and other factors. AI's primary goal is to give computers to execute mental functions, including decisionmaking, problem-solving, perception, and communication comprehension. Artificial intelligence will be needed to manage decentralized grids as the world transitions to renewable energy. Using AI, power supply and demand can be balanced in real-time, optimizing energy consumption and storage to minimize rates.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).