A Survey on Energy-Efficient Routing Protocols with QoS Assurances for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks consist of huge nodes with sensing, computing and communication capabilities. The unique quality of a routing protocol is known by its minimized energy consumption, improved QoS which also prolongs the network life time. In this paper the routing protocols are recorded into three primary categories, route discovery model, network model and data delivery model. The routing protocols that fall in the first category can be named as proactive, reactive and hybrid. The routing protocols that fall under a the subsequent category are grouped as flat, hierarchical and location based. The routing protocols belonging to the third category can be parallely classified into two categories as transceiver protocol model and accuracy protocol model. Further transceiver protocol model has sub categories like negotiation, coherent based, query based. Sub categories of accuracy protocol model are QoS based protocol and multipath based protocol. The paper also plays up the merits and performance comparison of each routing technique.