Cytotoxic aporphine alkaloids from Cassytha filiformis

Purification of a cytotoxic crude alkaloid extract of Cassytha filiformis led to the isolation of four known aporphine alkaloids: neolitsine, dicentrine, cassythine ( = cassyfiline) and actino-daphnine. Their structures were determined by analysis of spectroscopic data. All isolated alkaloids were tested for their cytotoxic activities on cancer and non-cancer cell lines in vitro. Neolitsine was the most active against HeLa and 3T3 cells (IC50:21.6 muM, and 21.4 muM, respectively). Cassythine and actinodaphnine showed the highest activity against Mel-5 (IC50:24.3 muM and 25.7 muM, respectively) and HL-60 (IC50: 19.9 muM and 15.4 muM, respectively). This is the first report on the cytotoxic activity of C. filiformis extract and of neolitsine and cassythine. Furthermore, the complete NMR data of cassythine and actinodaphnine are given here for the first time.