Bleeding gastric inflammatory fibroid polyp (Vanek's tumor)

Inflammatory fibroid polyp's (IFP) or Vanek tumor of the gastrointestinal tract represents a relatively unusual entity. IFP is an extremely rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We report herein a case of a 30-year-old woman who had a gastric IFP complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding and obstructive symptoms. The lesion was mistaken on endoscopic, radiologic examination and in the operating room for a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Preoperative endoscopic examination revealed a protruding oval-shaped submucosal lesion (similar to 7 cm in size) of the gastric antrum, with ulceration of the mucosal surface. Multiple endoscopic biopsies were negative for neoplastic changes. Barium meal study disclosed a large tumor in the prepyloric area of the stomach. Presumptive preoperative diagnosis was GIST. Subtotal Bilroth II gastrectomy en bloc with the mass and lymphadenectomy was performed. Surprisingly, the final histological diagnosis was IFP. Postoperative course was uneventful and no recurrences were observed during 4 years follow-up. With reference to case report, the etiology, diagnosis and treatment strategy of IFP will be discussed. This case highlights an unusual presentation of IFP. Although bleeding may represent a rare complication due IFP, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage of uncertain etiology.