Impact of microgrid operation on performance of radial distribution system

Voltage profile and real power loss are the criteria in determining performance of Radial Distribution System (RDS). Presence of Distributed Generators in RDS is assessed by 'Penetration Ratio'. The use of PR fails in the analysis of the implications of the presence of a Microgrid on RDS as it is zero in islanded mode and sometimes in grid-connected mode. An attempt has been made to introduce a new term 'Relief Factor' to overcome this lacuna. This Factor is evaluated by developing an algorithm based on power flow analysis using Backward Forward Sweep method. The developed algorithm is tested on a 34 bus RDS by integration of a two-shift industrial Microgrid. The power flow analysis is run for 24 snapshots of the day. Relief Factor is found to be suitable to analyze the impact of a Microgrid on the performance of RDS in both the modes of Microgrid operation viz. grid-connected mode and islanded mode.