Phylogeny and distribution of species of the Dyscia conspersaria group (=Dyscia s.str.) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae)

Among the nineteen species of the Taxon Dyscia s, let., five form a well-supported monophyletic group, the so-called Dyscia conspersaria - group (= Dyscia s. str.). For the reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationships of these species eight adult and one immature stage characters were used. As outgroup taxa Dyscia fagaria (THUNBERG, 1784) and Alcis repandata (LINNAEUS, 1758) were employed. The most parsimonious distribution of character stages resulted in the following taxa relationships: {{{Dyscia conspersaria ([DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER], 1775) + Dyscia raunaria (FREYER, 1851)} + Dyscia innocentaria (CHRISTOPH, 1885)} + Dyscia crassipunctaria (REBEL, 1916) / Dyscia simplicaria REBEL, 1939}. The depicted distribution map is based on a critical evaluation of the literature, and comprehensive survey of collection material. References are given to each location.