Climate and land use change induced future flood susceptibility assessment in a sub-tropical region of India

Management of any uncertain state or situations allows everything to be backed up to its normal position. Disaster planning has been important for environmental planning in recent times. In every world, researchers, geographers, climatologists and regional planners are going to detect and minimize the impact of natural disasters. The recent work presents flood-prone areas in the Ajoy River basin of India, considering the "Support Vector Machine", "Extremely Randomize Trees" and "Biogeography Based Optimization" (BBO) method in GIS platform. Various geo-environmental variables are known to determine the final outcome. "Area Under Curve" (AUC) values of "Receiver Operating Characteristics" were used to validate and determine the accuracy of the predicted models. AUC shows the state or nature of the flooding. If the outcome of AUC values indicates more than 0.95, then the likelihood of flooding will be high BBO gave us the most optimal outcomes in this research out of these models (AUC = 0.98) and assured us that BBO is an influential tool for assessing flood-prone areas in eastern India and helps to take measures for strategic management and preparing for progress.