A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil

A new species of Characidium is described from the Cerrado biome, in Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Central Brazil. The new species can be readily diagnosed by the presence of two or three longitudinal rows of dots along the body sides, absence of bars, by the short pectoral fin, which does not reach the vertical through the dorsal fin origin. Additional useful diagnostic characters are the scaled isthmus, absence of the adipose fin, and the terminal mouth. The new species is only known from the corrego Taquara and its tributaries, a tributary of ribeirao do Gama, upstream from lago Paranol, in the upper rio Parana basin. In accordance to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, the new species is categorized as Critically Endangered.