Synthesis of the Brazilian Poduromorpha (Collembola: Hexapoda) with Special Emphasis on the Equatorial Oceanic Islands

Simple Summary Endemic Collembola species are bioindicators of environmental quality since native species abundance is particularly sensitive to environmental disturbances. Oceanic island biota generally present high percentages of endemic species, and the vulnerability of these species is higher than those of the continents. The objective of this work was to carry out a survey of the Collembola species of the order Poduromorpha in the Brazilian oceanic islands and synthesize a distribution list of this order for Brazil. Our results reveal four new species of Collembola Poduromorpha for Brazilian oceanic islands that may be useful for the conservation strategies of these island regions and a contributor to the knowledge of the order in Brazil. We present new species and records of Poduromorpha for the Brazilian oceanic islands and synthesis of this order in Brazil. Friesea noronhaensis sp. nov., Friesea rochedoensis sp. nov., Willemia insularum sp. nov. and Paraxenylla zeliae sp. nov. are described and a diagnosis of the morphospecies Acherontiella sp. Lima and Zeppelini 2015 is provided. We present comparative tables, distribution and taxonomic keys of the Friesea, Arlesia, Brachystomella, Acherontiella, Paraxenylla, Xenylla, and Willemia found in the Brazilian oceanic islands and their respective congeners recorded in Brazil.