A spherical cavity-expansion penetration model for concrete targets with crushing effects

This paper developed a spherical cavity-expansion penetration model for concrete targets which have the hydrostatic, pressure-volumetric strain relation expressed by a 3-segment model with effect of permanent crushing considered and the shear strength-pressure relation taken as Mohr-Coulomb's law with a tension cutoff. The spherical cavity is expanded from zero initial radius at constant velocity in an infinite medium, which consists of elastic and plastic regions as well as an additional radially cracked region if the cavity expansion velocity is low. The spherical cavity-expansion models were used to calculate the penetration depth of concrete targets struck by an ogive-nosed rod projectile. Numerical results for different concrete target models were compared with the data of empirical equations.