Therapeutic Effect of Glucosamine on an Atopic Dermatitis Animal Model

Background: Recent studies have reported that glucosamine (GlcN) showed therapeutic effects in allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis, and its mechanisms include the suppression of T helper type 2 immune responses and the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of GlcN on atopic dermatitis (AD) in an animal model. Methods: Twenty-five BALB/c mice were divided into five groups (groups A similar to E). Group A was the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated group without AD induction. Group B was the PBS control group with AD induction. Groups C to E were the AD induction groups, which were treated with three different doses of GlcN (10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg, respectively). Histopathological examination was performed after GlcN administration. Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-17 cytokine levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using skin biopsy specimens. Serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations were measured before and after administration with GlcN or PBS. Results: Clinical dermatitis scores decreased with increasing GlcN dose (p < 0.001). Concentrations of tissue IL-13 and IL-17 decreased after GlcN administration (each group: p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively), but the concentrations of tissue IL-4 did not show differences across groups. Serum IgE levels tended to be lower after GlcN administration (p = 0 .004). Histopathological scores were not significantly different among groups B similar to E (p = 0.394). Conclusion: GlcN improved AD symptoms and decreased tissue IL-13, IL-17, and serum total IgE levels in an animal model.