Beyond the nation-state? A review of the theory of cosmopolitanism

The phenomenon called globalization has gone beyond the national borders established after the Second World War cannot be solved by a single State or a specific international organization. Otherwise this new global world claims for new kind of mechanisms for understanding of the Theory of the State. This papers analyses cosmopolitanism as a theory which proposes a new supranational institutionalization in order to go beyond the National States. The first section summarises the fundamental framework of this theoretical construction The second section studies the different schools within the cosmopolitanism: "from above" and "from below". Within that, this article exposes the doctrinal criticism regarding the supranational cosmopolitism States. At the final part, this paper will mention others scholars that go beyond the national State and the cosmopolitanism itself.