Effect of low copper exposure on the antioxidant system and some immune parameters

Low-level copper excess was produced in male BALB/c mice by oral supplementation of copper sulfate solution during a 19-w period. The control Group was supplied with pure drinking water and the 2 experimental Groups with CuSO(4)5H(2)O solutions at 120 mg Cu/L or 300 mg Cu/L, respective. Compared to the control Group, the copper-dosed animals were slightly smaller, the weight of liver was significantly reduced and liver copper content increased. Chronic copper impaired the liver antioxidant defense system by decreasing activities of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase to 14% and 11% respective. No significant changes were observed in hematological parameters, but flow cytometry revealed altered phenotypic properties of lymphocytes: decreased suppressor (CD8(+)CD4(-)), natural killer and its precursor (CD4(+)CD8(+)) cell percent, but increased immunoregulatory index (helper (CD4(+)CD8(-))/suppressor (CD8(+)CD4(-)) ratio). Prolonged exposure to low copper concentration had been shown a deleterious effect on both antioxidant defense system enzymes and phenotypic properties of immunocompetent cells of mice.