Primary headaches in children and adolescents - experiences at a single headache center in Korea

Background: Headache is a common complaint in children and adolescents. Recently, an increased prevalence of headache in children and adolescents has been reported. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children and adolescents attending the Headache Clinic of Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital during the period from January 2005 through December 2016. Results: The study population consisted of 2466 children, aged between 3 and 18 years (mean age: 10.9). Our study showed an increase in the number of patients visiting the hospital with headaches during the past decade. Compared with 2005, the number of patients with headache increased three-fold in 2016. Interestingly, the proportion of boys, preschool children, and other primary headaches revealed a steady and statistically significant increase. Conclusion: Due to a steady increase in pediatric headaches, the earlier the problem is recognized and properly diagnosed and a treatment plan is established, the greater the likelihood of a better lifelong outcome. Studies are needed to estimate recent trend in prevalence and to identify the demographic and socioeconomic factors predicting the occurrence of headache.