The cryptology in France from 1990 to 2005

The. cryptology has been for a long time the fact of the army. The cryptography was considered not as a mean of communication. but as a weapon. Nowadays, in France the cryptography can be used with a free access. The supply, the importation-and the exportation of means and services of cryptology have been liberalized. The purpose of this article is to study the relations between liberty and security in the frame of the cryptology, for France. The process of liberalization can be explain by the deregulation in the telecommunication field for a small part, and by the emergence of the electronic trade for the biggest part. The security has not been forgotten. The cryptology is not a tool as the others. Some few restrictions of authorizations and declarations have been maintained. The non respect of these restrictions can generate sanctions not always used. The relation liberty/security appeared also in the electronic signature, adopted by the European Union in 1999 and in the European countries, especially in France. The electronic signature, by the way of the certification services need to use the cryptology, to be recognized and protected. The industrials have succeed, with the liberalization of the cryptology and their software, to build a famous system, not already finished: the security of the society information.